The Myth of Depression as Disease Limitations and Alternatives to Drug Treatment

Subjects:

• Psychology » Psychology (General)
• Health/Medicine » Health/Medicine (General)
• Women's Studies » Women's Health
• Family Resources » Child Care & Parenting

Reviews:

• Is there a biological foundation to depression? The pharmaceutical industry's direct-to-consumer advertising would have one believe that not only is depression a biological phenomenon, but that the specific medications they are advertising can remedy the disorder. Just take a pill and the sun begins to shine! However, this slim volume by Leventhal and Martell indicates that the answer may not be so straightforward. In the tradition of Thomas Szasz (The Myth of Mental Illness, rev. ed., 1974), the authors take a very controversial position by questioning the biological basis for depression. They regard the scientific research supporting the biological view as weak. This view, however, is quite profitable for drug companies. After questioning the scientific validity of the biological research and calling into question the motives of the pharmaceutical industry, the authors proclaim an alternative treatment for depression--behavior therapy. This is not surprising, given their training and background. Perhaps most important is the authors' daring to put forward an argument that counters "big pharma" and the biotech industry. They raise questions about the extent of market influence on scientific theory and research. This clearly written volume contains several instructive appendixes. Recommended. Lower-level undergraduates and up.
  —Choice October 2006
• The title of Allan Leventhal and Christopher Martell's book might give readers the impression they are simply trying to challenge the current dominance of the medical model of depression. While that most certainly is one of Leventhal and Martell's top priorities, the issues that they take on are far broader, ranging from the undue and inappropriate influences that the pharmaceutical industry can exert on clinical research, limitations in government agencies' oversight of the pharmaceutical industry, and bias in the education of customers and health providers about mental health treatment options and their effectiveness. The authors' style is an interesting mix of scholarship and investigative reporting....I strongly recommend this book to clinicians and to individuals who are experiencing symptoms of depression and who want to have a broader understanding of mental disorders and treatment options.
  —The Behavior Therapist September 2007
• Leventhal and Martell take a contrarian position in their contention that pharmaceutical companies and mental health professionals have, with little scientific proof, promoted the notion that depression is a biological disorder best treated with antidepressant medications. The authors argue that marketing by drug producers has encouraged the public to accept dubious claims about antidepressants and has led doctors to prescribe them excessively. Leventhal and Martell conclude that psychological therapy is a more effective and safer treatment for anxiety and depression.
  —SciTech Book News December 2006
• [T]wo prominent and prestigious clinical psychologists, dissociate themselves from the nation's mainstream mental health establishment, and in harsh, no-holds-barred rhetoric, accuse the medical and psychiatric professions of scandalous, irresponsible, and duplicitious collusion with the drug industry to promote a "biological disease" model of despression, anxiety, and related disorders requiring costly unnecessary medication validated by dubious research studies. This book should be required reading for all potential prescribers of antidepressants and also for all potential consumers of antidepressants.
  —The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease November 2006
• [A] brief, tightly reasoned argument about the limitations of the medical model applied to the explanation and treatment of depression....This seems to be a crucial time for mental health care, one in which critical evaluation of our assumptions and models is much overdue, and psychologists have an obligation as scientist practitioners to shape understanding of depression. This volume is a good reminder of the value of our science.
  —PsycCRITQUES May 24, 2006
• Any college-level health collection, especially those strong in mental health concerns, must have THE MYTH OF DEPRESSION AS DISEASE: LIMITATIONS AND ALTERNATIVES TO DRUG TREATMENT: it goes where few books so clearly have gone before, arguing that there's little actual scientific evidence for treating depression as a biological disorder to be treated with drugs. Indeed, the authors say, there is very little known about the role of biology in depression; but marketing by pharmaceutical companies has perpetuated the myth of chemical imbalance and treatments to benefit their bottom lines. Therapy is under-explored in contrast, and should be one of many alternatives to drug therapies: that's the hard-hitting contention of THE MYTH OF DEPRESSION AS DISEASE, which should earn much classroom discussion as well.
  —California Bookwatch May 2006

• Endorsement From Lawrence J. Cheskin, M.D., F.A.C.P.
  Director, Johns Hopkins Weight Management Ctr
  Associate Professor, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health: Eye opening. Should give people contemplating options for depression food for thought.
• Endorsement From Steven C. Hayes
  Foundation Professor of Psychology
  University of Nevada: When we look back at this era we will wonder how it is that pharmacotherapy and biological models of depression became so dominant that they blinded so many to the behavioral aspects of depression. In this important new book the authors walk through the sense and nonsense of modern views of depression and show that perhaps the key issue is behavioral engagement: depression involves a life being avoided rather than being lived. That insight makes good sense of the available scientific evidence and provides a powerful new path forward for people suffering from this debilitating condition.
• Endorsement From David Antonuccio, Ph.D.
  Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
  University of Nevada School of Medicine: This book helps to separate the marketing hype from the science of psychotropic medications so consumers can make informed choices about what scientifically supported mental health treatment options are likely to work best for them and their families.

Table of Contents:

• Series Foreword, by Chris Stout
• Foreword, by Marsha Linehan
• Preface
• Societal Views of Mental Disorder
• Welcome to the Brave New World
• The Context of Depression and Anxiety
• Psychology as a Science
• Behavior Therapy
• Behavioral Analysis, Behavior Therapy, and Outcome Research
• Summary and Conclusions
• Questions to Ask Prior to Accepting a Prescription for Anti-depressant Medication
• How to Find a Behavioral or Cognitive-Behavioral Therapist
• Questions to Ask a Potential Behavior Therapist
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• About the Authors
• References
• About the Series Editor and Advisors